LPM :- Livestock Production and Management

COMMON RESTRAINTS IN CATTLE, HORSE, AND CAMEL

LPM 4.1

ROPE HALTERS

• Made up of Cotton/ Nylon rope.
• USE : Used to restrain/control growing as well as docile animals like Calves, Cows and Bullocks. Leather halters are used for show purpose. 

NOSE STRING

• It is a thin Cotton/Nylon rope.
• It is passed through a hole made in the nasal septum and tied behind the base of horn.
• USE : Used to restrain relatively strong animals like bulocks.

MILK-MAN`S ROPE

• It is a thin cotton rope about 2 meters in length.
• USE : It is used to prevent a cow kicking while milking.
• Applying around the hind legs just above the hock joints in an english "8" fashion and finally making a quick release knot of the free ends towards the milker`s side.

TWITCH

• A twitch is consist of a piece of stout wood about 1 meter length with a hole at one end. A loop of a piece of rope is inserted through this hole.
• USE : Loop is applied on the muzzle with left hand while holding the stick with right hand. After adequate grip on the upper lip, twist up the loop by means of stick. A Twitch should always be removed as sson as its purpose is served.

BULL LEADER

• It is about 1 to 1.5 meter long wooden/iron stick with a slidind hook at one end.
• USE : Used to control/lead powerful/vicious bull safety from a close distance when applied on the bull nose ring.

BULL NOSE RING

• It is generally made of two semi-circular pieces of non-rusting metals like steel, aluminium, brass or copper joined together.
• A hole is first punched in the nasal septum with the help of trocar(a surgical instrument with a three sided cutting point enclosed in a tube used for withdrawing fluid from a body cavity is called trocar) and cannula (a thin tube inserted into a vein or body cavity to administer medication , drain off fluid or insert a surgical insrument is called cannula) or bull nose punch and then bull nose ring is fixed by proper screwing . It is used for restraining powerful bulls.  

IDENTIFICATION OF FARM ANIMALS

TATTOOING FORK FOR TATTOOING

• This consists of piercing small letters or figures by steel points into the subcutaneous tissues by means of tattoing fork. The steel points carry small amount of tattoing ink into the subcutaneous tissues , which gives permanent marking.

 TAGGING FORCEP FOR EAR TAGGING

• Ear tags are small metals or plastic plates like labels, which can readily inserted on the ear of young or old animals with the help of tagging forceps.

HOT BRANDING

• The iron numbers fixed to wooden handles are heated in fire to redness and are applied on the thigh or shoulders for faction of minute, so that roots of hair will die.
• This system is applicable in lighted skin animals only.